There is no simple answer with ant diets.
Think of an ant colony as an organism, with the workers, brood, and queen merely parts of a greater whole. In nature, there exists a buffet of many different possible food items, and foraging ants will seek out whatever nutrient is needed.
In a captive setting, however, the only nutrients available are what you provide. These limited choices can and often do lead to too much or too little of a particular nutrient, after which the ants will seemingly reject foods they once readily accepted.
Temperature, number and stage of brood, number of workers—these are just a few of many different factors that affect the nutritional demands of the colony. For example, brood development will slow, and consequently demand for protein will decrease, as temperature decreases.
Assuming environmental conditions are optimal and the colony is in a growing stage with a balanced number of workers and brood, it is generally best to try a number of different foods with the understanding that nutritional needs will change over time as the colony composition and environmental conditions change.