Since making the nest in a mold and transferring it to a new container did not work (quickly and easily that is) due to the hydrostone expanding, my only choice was to make it in the container with a type of "internal" mold, aka mandrel that could be destroyed and removed once the hydrostone set. This is apparently common in the industrial world to make aerospace and engine components, but one of my goals was to keep it cheap so I discarded this idea early on. Wax may work but heating and residue would remain issues.
I essentially gave up ("went on hiatus") until Bill from Oozeq reached out in response to a mandrel question I posted elsewhere. Oozeq sounded like it would work: moldable, dissolvable, non-toxic, and most importantly, cheap.
Oozeq comes white and is basically the consistency of Silly Putty. I actually found it easier to work with than modeling clay and made a few test nests the same way I did with clay: best I could with a chopstick. It's tacky enough to stick to the container until pouring the hydrostone, though it will fall/shift if you don't stick it well or jar it.
Removing it was a bit tricky. It doesn't actually dissolve as in dissociate like salt, but softens. Soaking it in water and prodding/picking/poking at it with a wire and twist tie eventually got it out. I asked Bill for other suggestions and he recommended mixing the Oozeq with baking soda and soaking with vinegar as well as mixing amylase with the water. So far, the baking soda + vinegar has worked the best. Still takes some poking to get it all out but much quicker and it seems to liquefy it. Plus, the baking soda creates a pitted pattern, much like sandstone. I'm still testing the amylase.
I think this is what I'm going to use. I made a few different prototypes and put some of the unsettled Pogonomyrmex in them. Can't really attest to their success until colonies begin to develop (even then it'll be impossible to say if they wouldn't have in a test tube) but it's a cheap alternative to try instead of a test tube.
Disclaimer: Nothing was offered to me to promote, mention or endorse Oozeq.
Oops wrong image, oh well
Camponotus vicinus, Crematogaster 1, Crematogaster 2, Formica francoeuri, *, *, Myrmecocystus testaceus, Novomessor cockerelli, Pheidole hyatti, Pogonomyrmex californicus, Pogonomyrmex rugosus, Solenopsis invicta